wines {sn}R Documentation

Piedmont wines data

Description

Data refer to chemical properties of 178 specimens of 3 types of wine produced in the Piedmont region of Italy.

Usage

data(wines)

Format

A data frame with 178 observations on the following 28 variables.

wine wine name, a factor with levels Barbera, Barolo, Grignolino
alcohol alcohol percentage, numeric
sugar sugar-free extract, numeric
acidity fixed acidity, numeric
tartaric tartaric acid, numeric
malic malic acid, numeric
uronic uronic acids, numeric
pH pH, numeric
ash ash, numeric
alcal_ash alcalinity of ash, numeric
potassium potassium, numeric
calcium calcium, numeric
magnesium magnesium, numeric
phosphate phosphate, numeric
cloride chloride, numeric
phenols total phenols, numeric
flavanoids flavanoids, numeric
nonflavanoids nonflavanoid phenols, numeric
proanthocyanins proanthocyanins, numeric
colour colour intensity, numeric
hue hue, numeric
OD_dw OD₂₈₀/OD₃₁₅ of diluted wines, numeric
OD_fl OD₂₈₀/OD₃₁₅ of flavanoids, numeric
glycerol glycerol, numeric
butanediol 2,3-butanediol, numeric
nitrogen total nitrogen, numeric
proline proline, numeric
methanol methanol, numeric

Details

The data represent 27 chemical measurements on each of 178 wine specimens belonging to three types of wine produced in the Piedmont region of Italy. The data have been presented and examined by Forina et al. (1986) and were freely accessible from the PARVUS web-site until it was active. These data or, more often, a subset of them are now available from various places, including some R packages. The present dataset includes all variables available on the PARVUS repository, which are the variables listed by Forina et al. (1986) with the exception of ‘Sulphate’. Moreover, it reveals the undocumented fact that the original dataset appears to include also the vintage year; see the final portion of the ‘Examples’.

Source

Forina, M., Lanteri, S. Armanino, C., Casolino, C., Casale, M. and Oliveri, P. V-PARVUS 2008: an extendible package of programs for esplorative data analysis, classification and regression analysis. Dip. Chimica e Tecnologie Farmaceutiche ed Alimentari, Università di Genova, Italia. Web-site: http://www.parvus.unige.it

References

Forina M., Armanino C., Castino M. and Ubigli M. (1986). Multivariate data analysis as a discriminating method of the origin of wines. Vitis 25, 189–201.

Examples

data(wines)
pairs(wines[,c(2,3,16:18)], col=as.numeric(wines$wine))
#
code <- substr(rownames(wines), 1, 3)
table(wines$wine, code)
#
year <- as.numeric(substr(rownames(wines), 6, 7))
table(wines$wine, year)
# coincides with Table 1(a) of Forina et al. (1986)

[Package sn version 1.0-0 Index]