\documentclass[11pt,titlepage]{article}
\usepackage{grmk, multicol, mflogo}

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\newcommand{\moddate}{03 March 1999}
\newcommand{\version}{1.0}

\begin{document}
\title{{\LARGE \bfseries Gurmukh{\=\i} for \TeX{}} \\
       Version \version{}}
\author{\Large Anshuman Pandey}
\date{\large \moddate{}}
\maketitle
\vfill
\newpage

\section{Introduction}
This document explains the \emph{Gurmukh{\=\i} for \TeX{}} 
{\sf gurmukhi} package for typesetting Panjabi language documents
in \TeX{} and \LaTeX{}. 

The `Punjabi' ({\tt pun}) font used by the package was designed by, 
and is copyright \textcopyright{} Hardip Singh Pannu. I received 
permission from Mr. Pannu to use the `Punjabi' font with this
package. The \MF{} source was derived from Mr. Pannu's TrueType
version of `Punjabi' with the {\sf ttf2mf} package. Please respect 
his generosity by not modifying the font or making derivatives of 
it, and by not unbundling it from the package. I hope to
eventually create a `true' \MF{} for the Gurmukh{\=\i} script.

\section{Implementation}
The delimiter \verb+{\+\verb+gm+ \ldots \verb+}+ are to be used to 
encode Gurmukh{\=\i} text. In the preamble of the document, the
{\sf grmk} style file must be declared: \verb+\usepackage{grmk}+.

The transliterated Panjabi text is to then be placed within the
delimiters. The file is then to be run through the preprocessor:

\centerline{{\tt grmk} \emph{x}[{\tt.gm}] \emph{y}[{\tt .tex}]}

\section{Transliterated Input}
The transliteration scheme for the {\sf gurmukhi} package follows
the scheme developed by Frans Velthuis for his \emph{Devan\=agar{\=\i}
for \TeX{}} package. Many Gurmukh{\=\i} nuances are handled implicitly
by the preprocessor. These are illustrated below:


\subsection{Use of \emph{addak}} 
In Gurmukh{\=\i} geminate consonants are not written twice or with 
consonant conjuncts. Rather, the first letter is dropped and only the 
second letter is written, and a diacritic mark called \emph{addak}
is placed above the preceding letter, ie {\gm hattha} {\tt hattha}. 
This is handled by the preprocessor. It is unnecessary for 
hard-code for \emph{addak}.

When the geminate consonants are \emph{nn} or \emph{mm}, a sign called
\emph{\d{t}ipp{\=\i}} is used instead of \emph{addak}, ie. 
{\gm lammii} \emph{lamm{\=\i}}. {\it \d{T}ipp{\=\i}\/} is one of the 
nasalization diacritics. 

The following is a list of supported geminated consonants:

{\parindent=0pt
\begin{multicols}{4}
{\tt k} $+$ {\tt ka} $=$ {\gm kka} \\ 
{\tt k} $+$ {\tt kha} $=$ {\gm kkha} \\
{\tt g} $+$ {\tt ga} $=$ {\gm gga} \\
{\tt g} $+$ {\tt gha} $=$ {\gm ggha} \\
{\tt c} $+$ {\tt ca} $=$ {\gm cca} \\
{\tt c} $+$ {\tt cha} $=$ {\gm ccha} \\
{\tt j} $+$ {\tt ja} $=$ {\gm jja} \\
{\tt j} $+$ {\tt jha} $=$ {\gm jjha} \\
{\tt T} $+$ {\tt Ta} $=$ {\gm .t.ta} \\
{\tt T} $+$ {\tt Tha} $=$ {\gm .t.tha} \\
{\tt D} $+$ {\tt Da} $=$ {\gm .d.da} \\
{\tt D} $+$ {\tt Dha} $=$ {\gm .d.dha} \\
{\tt t} $+$ {\tt ta} $=$ {\gm tta} \\
{\tt t} $+$ {\tt tha} $=$ {\gm ttha} \\
{\tt d} $+$ {\tt da} $=$ {\gm dda} \\
{\tt d} $+$ {\tt dha} $=$ {\gm ddha} \\
{\tt n} $+$ {\tt na} $=$ {\gm nna} \\
{\tt p} $+$ {\tt pa} $=$ {\gm ppa} \\
{\tt p} $+$ {\tt pha} $=$ {\gm ppha} \\
{\tt b} $+$ {\tt ba} $=$ {\gm bba} \\
{\tt b} $+$ {\tt bha} $=$ {\gm bbha} \\
{\tt m} $+$ {\tt ma} $=$ {\gm mma} \\
{\tt l} $+$ {\tt la} $=$ {\gm lla} \\
{\tt s} $+$ {\tt sa} $=$ {\gm ssa}
\end{multicols}
}

\subsection{Nasalization} 
Nasalization in Gurmukh{\=\i} is indicated by two 
diacritics called {\it \d{t}ipp{\=\i}\/} and {\it bind{\=\i}\/}.
These are coded {\tt .m} and {\tt M}, respectively. 

{\it \d{T}ipp{\=\i}\/} is used with the vowels {\it a\/}, {\it i\/}, 
and {\it u\/}, and with {\it \=u\/} when it is in word-final 
position, ie. {\gm mu.n.daa} \  {\tt mu.n.daa}. {\it Bind{\=\i}\/} 
is used with all other vowels, ie. {\gm "saaMt} \  {\tt "saaMt}.

Words like {\gm a"nga} \  may either be encoded \verb+a"nga+ or 
\verb+a.mga+. In either case, the preprocessor will produce the correct 
output.

\subsection{Consonant conjuncts} 
Consonsant conjuncts are limited in Gurmukh{\=\i}
and are much simpler than those of Devan\=agar{\=\i}. The conjunct
consonants supported in the IFM are:

\begin{center}
{\parindent=0pt
\begin{multicols}{5}
{\tt k}  + {\tt ra} $=$ {\gm kra} \\
{\tt kh} + {\tt ya} $=$ {\gm khya} \\
{\tt g}  + {\tt ra} $=$ {\gm gra} \\
{\tt t}  + {\tt ra} $=$ {\gm tra} \\
{\tt d}  + {\tt ya} $=$ {\gm dya} \\
{\tt d}  + {\tt ra} $=$ {\gm dra} \\
{\tt d}  + {\tt va} $=$ {\gm dva} \\
{\tt n}  + {\tt ha} $=$ {\gm nha} \\
{\tt p}  + {\tt ra} $=$ {\gm pra} \\
{\tt b}  + {\tt ra} $=$ {\gm bra} \\
{\tt m}  + {\tt ra} $=$ {\gm mra} \\
{\tt r}  + {\tt ha} $=$ {\gm rha} \\
{\tt l}  + {\tt ha} $=$ {\gm lha} \\
{\tt v}  + {\tt ha} $=$ {\gm vha} \\
{\tt R}  + {\tt ha} $=$ {\gm Rha} \\
{\tt s}  + {\tt va} $=$ {\gm sva}
\end{multicols}
}
\end{center}

\section{Variations}
The {\it m\=atr\=a\/} for {\gm au} \  {\tt au} is sometimes not
written. A word like {\gm auga.nu} \  \verb+auga.nu+ may be written
alternately as {\gm a{}uga.nu} \  \verb+a{}uga.nu+. The code 
\verb+{}+ breaks characters which would otherwise be parsed
as a single unit.

\section{Example}
The following example is a poem by Bulleh Shah.

\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{ll}
  {\gm bhai.naaM maiM katadii katadii hu.t.tii .} 
& \verb+bhai.naaM maiM katadii katadii hu.t.tii .+ \\ 
  {\gm paRii pacchii pichavaaRe rahi ga{}ii ..}
& \verb+paRii pacchii pichavaaRe rahi ga{}ii ..+ \\
  {\gm hatth vica rahi ga{}ii ju.t.tii .}
& \verb+hatth vica rahi ga{}ii ju.t.tii .+ \\
  {\gm agge carakhaa picche piihaRaa ..}
& \verb+agge carakhaa picche piihaRaa ..+ \\
  {\gm hatth meriuM ta.md .tu.t.tii ..}
& \verb+hatth meriuM ta.md .tu.t.tii ..+ \\
\end{tabular}
\end{center}

\section{Another Example}

\def\,{{\rm,}}

\centerline{{\gm \Large \ekonkarp\ satiguru prasaadi}}
\centerline{{\gm \large suuhii mahalaa 5}}
\bigskip

\begin{quote}\begin{quote}
{\gm jis ke sir uupari tuu.m suaamii\, so dukhu kaisaa paavai . \\
boli na jaanai maa{}ii{}aa madi maataa\, mara.naa ciiti na aavai .. 1.. \\
mere raamaraa{}ii\, tuu.m santaa kaa sant tere . \\
tere sevaka kau bhau kichu naahii\, jamu nahii aavai nere .. 1.. rahaa{}u .. \\
jo terai ra"ngi raate suaamii\, tin kaa janam mara.na dukhu naasaa . \\
terii bakhasa na me.tai koii\, satigur kaa dilaasaa .. 2.. \\
naamu dhiaaiini\, sukh phala paaiini\, aa.th pahar aaraadhahi . \\
terii sara.ni tere bharavaasai\, pa~nc du"sa.t lai saadhahi .. 3.. \\
giaanu dhiaanu kichu karamu na jaa.naa\, saar na jaa.naa terii . \\
sabh te va.daa satiguru naanak\, jini kala raakhii merii .. 4. 10. 57..
}
\end{quote}\end{quote}
\bigskip

\section{Special Characters}
\begin{enumerate}
\item The Gurmukh{\=\i} character {\gm la} \  $+$ \emph{nuqta} is not 
found in the `Punjabi' font.

\item The symbol of the Sikhs, the \emph{k\=a\d{n}\d{d}\=a}, is available 
in two forms. One is {\gm \smkanda{}}, which is defined as \verb+\smkanda+
(small \emph{k\=a\d{n}\d{d}\=a}). The other is {\gm \lgkanda{}}, which
is defined as \verb+\lgkanda+ (large \emph{k\=a\d{n}\d{d}\=a}).

\item The symbol {\it ek o\.nk\=ar} is also available in two forms.
One is {\gm \ekonkarp{}}, defined as \verb+\ekonkarp+ (the ``plain''
\emph{ek o\.nk\=ar}). The other is {\gm \ekonkarf{}}, defined as
\verb+\ekonkarf+ (the ``fancy'' \emph{ek o\.nk\=ar}).

\item \textbf{Vowel-bearers} are null characters which are modified 
with diacritics to form the vowels. The vowel bearers are \emph{u} 
{\gm \char117} for back vowels, \emph{a} {\gm \char97} for low vowels,
and \emph{i} {\gm \char101} for front vowels. Suggested input for the 
vowel-bearers are {\tt `a}, {\tt `u}, and {\tt `i}.
\end{enumerate}

%%% Character Inventory %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\begin{table}
\begin{center}
\renewcommand{\doublerulesep}{.5cm}
\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.40}
\begin{tabular}{|ll|ll|ll|}
\hline
\multicolumn{6}{|c|}{\it Vowel Bearers\/} \\
\hline
  {\it back\/}  & {\gm \char117} & {\it low\/}   & {\gm \char97} & {\it front\/} & {\gm \char101} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\hspace*{.5cm}
\begin{tabular}{|ll|ll|}
\hline
\multicolumn{4}{|c|}{\it Fricatives\/} \\
\hline                                                            
{\tt sa} & {\gm sa} & {\tt ha} & {\gm ha} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\vspace*{.5cm} \\

\begin{tabular}{|lll|lll|lll|lll|}
\hline
\multicolumn{12}{|c|}{\it Vowels\/} \\
\hline
{\tt a}  & {\gm a} &  ---           & {\tt aa}  & {\gm aa} & {\gm \char65} & {\tt i}  & {\gm i}      & {\gm \char105}    & {\tt ii} & {\gm ii} & {\gm \char73} \\
{\tt u}  & {\gm u} & {\gm \char85}  & {\tt uu}  & {\gm uu} & {\gm \char60} & {\tt e}  & {\gm e}      & {\gm \char69}     & {\tt ai} & {\gm ai} & {\gm \char62} \\
{\tt o}  & {\gm o} & {\gm \char126} & {\tt au}  & {\gm au} & {\gm \char79} & {\tt aM} & [\ {\gm aM}\ ] & [\ {\gm \char42}\ ] & {\tt aH} & [ {\gm aH} ] & [ {\gm \char92} ] \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\vspace*{.5cm}

\begin{tabular}{|ll|ll|ll|ll|ll|}
\hline
\multicolumn{10}{|c|}{\it Occlusives\/} \\
\hline                                                            
{\tt ka} & {\gm ka} & {\tt kha} & {\gm kha} & {\tt ga} & {\gm ga} & {\tt gha} & {\gm gha} & {\tt "na} & {\gm "na} \\
{\tt ca} & {\gm ca} & {\tt cha} & {\gm cha} & {\tt ja} & {\gm ja} & {\tt jha} & {\gm jha} & {\tt \char`~na} & {\gm ~na} \\
{\tt .ta} & {\gm .ta} & {\tt .tha} & {\gm .tha} & {\tt .da} & {\gm .da} & {\tt .dha} & {\gm .dha} & {\tt .na} & {\gm .na}  \\
{\tt ta} & {\gm ta} & {\tt tha} & {\gm tha} & {\tt da} & {\gm da} & {\tt dha} & {\gm dha} & {\tt na}        & {\gm na}  \\
{\tt pa} & {\gm pa} & {\tt pha} & {\gm pha} & {\tt ba} & {\gm ba} & {\tt bha} & {\gm bha} & {\tt ma}        & {\gm ma}  \\
\hline\hline
\multicolumn{10}{|c|}{\it Sonorants\/} \\
\hline                                                            
{\tt ya} & {\gm ya} & {\tt ra} & {\gm ra} & {\tt la} & {\gm la} & {\tt va} & {\gm va} & {\tt Ra} & {\gm Ra} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\vspace*{.5cm}

\begin{tabular}{|ll|ll|ll|ll|ll|ll|}
\hline
\multicolumn{12}{|c|}{\it Supplementary Consonants\/} \\
\hline                                                            
{\tt "sa} & {\gm "sa} & {\tt za} & {\gm za} & {\tt fa} & {\gm fa} & {\tt Ka} & {\gm Ka} & {\tt Ga} & {\gm Ga} & {\tt La} & --- \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\vspace*{.5cm}

\begin{tabular}{|ll|ll|ll|ll|ll|}
\hline
\multicolumn{10}{|c|}{\it Numerals\/} \\
\hline                                                            
{\tt 0} & {\gm 0} & {\tt 1} & {\gm 1} & {\tt 2} & {\gm 2} & {\tt 3} & {\gm 3} & {\tt 4} & {\gm 4} \\
{\tt 5} & {\gm 5} & {\tt 6} & {\gm 6} & {\tt 7} & {\gm 7} & {\tt 8} & {\gm 8} & {\tt 9} & {\gm 9} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\hspace*{.5cm}
\begin{tabular}{|ll|ll|ll|}
\hline
\multicolumn{6}{|c|}{\it Specials\/} \\
\hline
  {\tt .o} & {\gm .o}
& {\tt .m} & {\gm \char42} 
& {\tt M} & {\gm \char58} \\
  {\tt .} & {\gm .}
& {\tt ..} & {\gm ..}
& {\tt |} & {\gm |} \\
\hline
\end{tabular}
\end{center}
\caption{`Velthuis' scheme for Gurmukh{\=\i}}
\end{table}


%%% Consonant-Vowel Combinations %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%

\renewcommand{\arraystretch}{1.25}
\begin{table}[p]
\vspace*{-0.5in}
\hspace*{0.0in}\vbox{
\begin{center}
\begin{tabular}{|c||c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|c|}
\hline
 / &
 {\tt a} &
 {\tt aa} &
 {\tt i} &
 {\tt ii} &
 {\tt u} &
 {\tt uu} &
 {\tt e} &
 {\tt ai} &
 {\tt o} &
 {\tt au} \\ \hline \hline

 {\tt k} &
{\gm ka} &
{\gm kaa} &
{\gm ki} &
{\gm kii} &
{\gm ku} &
{\gm kuu} &
{\gm ke} &
{\gm kai} &
{\gm ko} &
{\gm kau} 
\\ \hline
 {\tt kh} &
{\gm kha} &
{\gm khaa} &
{\gm khi} &
{\gm khii} &
{\gm khu} &
{\gm khuu} &
{\gm khe} &
{\gm khai} &
{\gm kho} &
{\gm khau} \\ \hline
 {\tt g} &
{\gm ga} &
{\gm gaa} &
{\gm gi} &
{\gm gii} &
{\gm gu} &
{\gm guu} &
{\gm ge} &
{\gm gai} &
{\gm go} &
{\gm gau} \\ \hline
 {\tt gh} &
{\gm gha} &
{\gm ghaa} &
{\gm ghi} &
{\gm ghii} &
{\gm ghu} &
{\gm ghuu} &
{\gm ghe} &
{\gm ghai} &
{\gm gho} &
{\gm ghau} \\ \hline
 {\tt "n} &
{\gm "na} &
{\gm "naa} &
{\gm "ni} &
{\gm "nii} &
{\gm "nu} &
{\gm "nuu} &
{\gm "ne} &
{\gm "nai} &
{\gm "no} &
{\gm "nau} \\ \hline
 {\tt c} &
{\gm ca} &
{\gm caa} &
{\gm ci} &
{\gm cii} &
{\gm cu} &
{\gm cuu} &
{\gm ce} &
{\gm cai} &
{\gm co} &
{\gm cau} \\ \hline
 {\tt ch} &
{\gm cha} &
{\gm chaa} &
{\gm chi} &
{\gm chii} &
{\gm chu} &
{\gm chuu} &
{\gm che} &
{\gm chai} &
{\gm cho} &
{\gm chau} \\ \hline
 {\tt j} &
{\gm ja} &
{\gm jaa} &
{\gm ji} &
{\gm jii} &
{\gm ju} &
{\gm juu} &
{\gm je} &
{\gm jai} &
{\gm jo} &
{\gm jau} \\ \hline
 {\tt jh} &
{\gm jha} &
{\gm jhaa} &
{\gm jhi} &
{\gm jhii} &
{\gm jhu} &
{\gm jhuu} &
{\gm jhe} &
{\gm jhai} &
{\gm jho} &
{\gm jhau} \\ \hline
 {\tt \char`~n} &
{\gm ~na} &
{\gm ~naa} &
{\gm ~ni} &
{\gm ~nii} &
{\gm ~nu} &
{\gm ~nuu} &
{\gm ~ne} &
{\gm ~nai} &
{\gm ~no} &
{\gm ~nau} \\ \hline
 {\tt .t} &
{\gm .ta} &
{\gm .taa} &
{\gm .ti} &
{\gm .tii} &
{\gm .tu} &
{\gm .tuu} &
{\gm .te} &
{\gm .tai} &
{\gm .to} &
{\gm .tau} \\ \hline
 {\tt .th} &
{\gm .tha} &
{\gm .thaa} &
{\gm .thi} &
{\gm .thii} &
{\gm .thu} &
{\gm .thuu} &
{\gm .the} &
{\gm .thai} &
{\gm .tho} &
{\gm .thau} \\ \hline
 {\tt .d} &
{\gm .da} &
{\gm .daa} &
{\gm .di} &
{\gm .dii} &
{\gm .du} &
{\gm .duu} &
{\gm .de} &
{\gm .dai} &
{\gm .do} &
{\gm .dau} \\ \hline
 {\tt .dh} &
{\gm .dha} &
{\gm .dhaa} &
{\gm .dhi} &
{\gm .dhii} &
{\gm .dhu} &
{\gm .dhuu} &
{\gm .dhe} &
{\gm .dhai} &
{\gm .dho} &
{\gm .dhau} \\ \hline
 {\tt .n} &
{\gm .na} &
{\gm .naa} &
{\gm .ni} &
{\gm .nii} &
{\gm .nu} &
{\gm .nuu} &
{\gm .ne} &
{\gm .nai} &
{\gm .no} &
{\gm .nau} \\ \hline
 {\tt t} &
{\gm ta} &
{\gm taa} &
{\gm ti} &
{\gm tii} &
{\gm tu} &
{\gm tuu} &
{\gm te} &
{\gm tai} &
{\gm to} &
{\gm tau} \\ \hline
 {\tt th} &
{\gm tha} &
{\gm thaa} &
{\gm thi} &
{\gm thii} &
{\gm thu} &
{\gm thuu} &
{\gm the} &
{\gm thai} &
{\gm tho} &
{\gm thau} \\ \hline
 {\tt d} &
{\gm da} &
{\gm daa} &
{\gm di} &
{\gm dii} &
{\gm du} &
{\gm duu} &
{\gm de} &
{\gm dai} &
{\gm do} &
{\gm dau} \\ \hline
 {\tt dh} &
{\gm dha} &
{\gm dhaa} &
{\gm dhi} &
{\gm dhii} &
{\gm dhu} &
{\gm dhuu} &
{\gm dhe} &
{\gm dhai} &
{\gm dho} &
{\gm dhau} \\ \hline
 {\tt n} &
{\gm na} &
{\gm naa} &
{\gm ni} &
{\gm nii} &
{\gm nu} &
{\gm nuu} &
{\gm ne} &
{\gm nai} &
{\gm no} &
{\gm nau} \\ \hline
 {\tt p} &
{\gm pa} &
{\gm paa} &
{\gm pi} &
{\gm pii} &
{\gm pu} &
{\gm puu} &
{\gm pe} &
{\gm pai} &
{\gm po} &
{\gm pau} \\ \hline
 {\tt ph} &
{\gm pha} &
{\gm phaa} &
{\gm phi} &
{\gm phii} &
{\gm phu} &
{\gm phuu} &
{\gm phe} &
{\gm phai} &
{\gm pho} &
{\gm phau} \\ \hline
 {\tt b} &
{\gm ba} &
{\gm baa} &
{\gm bi} &
{\gm bii} &
{\gm bu} &
{\gm buu} &
{\gm be} &
{\gm bai} &
{\gm bo} &
{\gm bau} \\ \hline
 {\tt bh} &
{\gm bha} &
{\gm bhaa} &
{\gm bhi} &
{\gm bhii} &
{\gm bhu} &
{\gm bhuu} &
{\gm bhe} &
{\gm bhai} &
{\gm bho} &
{\gm bhau} \\ \hline
 {\tt m} &
{\gm ma} &
{\gm maa} &
{\gm mi} &
{\gm mii} &
{\gm mu} &
{\gm muu} &
{\gm me} &
{\gm mai} &
{\gm mo} &
{\gm mau} \\ \hline
 {\tt y} &
{\gm ya} &
{\gm yaa} &
{\gm yi} &
{\gm yii} &
{\gm yu} &
{\gm yuu} &
{\gm ye} &
{\gm yai} &
{\gm yo} &
{\gm yau} \\ \hline
 {\tt r} &
{\gm ra} &
{\gm raa} &
{\gm ri} &
{\gm rii} &
{\gm ru} &
{\gm ruu} &
{\gm re} &
{\gm rai} &
{\gm ro} &
{\gm rau} \\ \hline
 {\tt l} &
{\gm la} &
{\gm laa} &
{\gm li} &
{\gm lii} &
{\gm lu} &
{\gm luu} &
{\gm le} &
{\gm lai} &
{\gm lo} &
{\gm lau} \\ \hline
 {\tt v} &
{\gm va} &
{\gm vaa} &
{\gm vi} &
{\gm vii} &
{\gm vu} &
{\gm vuu} &
{\gm ve} &
{\gm vai} &
{\gm vo} &
{\gm vau} \\ \hline
 {\tt R} &
{\gm Ra} &
{\gm Raa} &
{\gm Ri} &
{\gm Rii} &
{\gm Ru} &
{\gm Ruu} &
{\gm Re} &
{\gm Rai} &
{\gm Ro} &
{\gm Rau} \\ \hline
 {\tt "s} &
{\gm "sa} &
{\gm "saa} &
{\gm "si} &
{\gm "sii} &
{\gm "su} &
{\gm "suu} &
{\gm "se} &
{\gm "sai} &
{\gm "so} &
{\gm "sau} \\ \hline
 {\tt z} &
{\gm za} &
{\gm zaa} &
{\gm zi} &
{\gm zii} &
{\gm zu} &
{\gm zuu} &
{\gm ze} &
{\gm zai} &
{\gm zo} &
{\gm zau} \\ \hline
 {\tt f} &
{\gm fa} &
{\gm faa} &
{\gm fi} &
{\gm fii} &
{\gm fu} &
{\gm fuu} &
{\gm fe} &
{\gm fai} &
{\gm fo} &
{\gm fau} \\ \hline
 {\tt K} &
{\gm Ka} &
{\gm Kaa} &
{\gm Ki} &
{\gm Kii} &
{\gm Ku} &
{\gm Kuu} &
{\gm Ke} &
{\gm Kai} &
{\gm Ko} &
{\gm Kau} \\ \hline
 {\tt G} &
{\gm Ga} &
{\gm Gaa} &
{\gm Gi} &
{\gm Gii} &
{\gm Gu} &
{\gm Guu} &
{\gm Ge} &
{\gm Gai} &
{\gm Go} &
{\gm Gau} \\ \hline
 {\tt s} &
{\gm sa} &
{\gm saa} &
{\gm si} &
{\gm sii} &
{\gm su} &
{\gm suu} &
{\gm se} &
{\gm sai} &
{\gm so} &
{\gm sau} \\ \hline
 {\tt h} &
{\gm ha} &
{\gm haa} &
{\gm hi} &
{\gm hii} &
{\gm hu} &
{\gm huu} &
{\gm he} &
{\gm hai} &
{\gm ho} &
{\gm hau} \\ \hline
\end{tabular}
\vspace{0.10in}
\end{center}
} % end vbox
%\caption{Gurmukh{\=\i} Consonants with their Vowel Forms.}
\end{table}

\end{document}